Melanoma mucoso de la cavidad oral: Reporte de caso

[Mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity: Case report]

Marco Antonio Achurra Olmos1, César Díaz2, María Gabriella Della Sera2, David Espinosa2

1. Sección de Cirugía oncológica, Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Panamá, Rep. de Panamá; 2. Sección de Cirugía oncológica, Instituto Oncológico Nacional, David, Rep. de Panamá.

Publicado: 2024-04-30

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Resumen

El melanoma mucoso (MM) es un subtipo raro de malignidad que surge de la transformación maligna de los melanocitos. EL MM representa el 1% de todos los casos de melanoma, siendo un subtipo agresivo y con mal pronóstico, con supervivencia global a 5 años de 10-20%. El Melanoma mucoso de la cavidad oral corresponde al 0.5% de todos los tumores malignos en la cavidad oral y al 25% de los melanomas mucosos ubicados en cabeza y cuello. Tiene una distribución anatómica de predominio en el tracto sinunasal 70%, cavidad oral 20% y otras ubicaciones como larige y faringe. Algunos probables factores de riesgo descritos son: trauma mecánico crónico, etilismo, tabaquismo, formaldehído, Sin embargo su etiología permanece incierta.

Presentamos el caso de una paciente Femenina de 77 años tratada exitosamente mediante maxilectomía inferior y disección selectiva cervical izquierda.


Abstract

Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare subtype of malignancy arising from malignant transformation of melanocytes. MM accounts for 1% of all cases of melanoma, being an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis, with 5-year overall survival of 10-20%. Mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity corresponds to 0.5% of all malignant tumors in the oral cavity and 25% of mucosal melanomas located in the head and neck. It has an anatomical distribution of predominance in the sinonasal tract 70%, oral cavity 20% and other locations such as larynx and pharynx. Some probable risk factors described are chronic mechanical trauma, ethylism, smoking, formaldehyde, however its etiology remains uncertain.

We present the case of a 77-year-old female patient successfully treated by inferior maxillectomy and selective left cervical dissection.

Citas

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