Carcinosarcoma uterino presentándose como masa cervical – reporte de un caso

[Uterine carcinosarcoma presenting as a cervical mass. Report of a case]

Guillermo Earle Hernández1

1. Complejo Hospitalario Metropolitano Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid, Panamá, Rep. de Panamá.

Publicado: 2023-04-30

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Resumen

El carcinosarcoma es un tumor poco frecuente que se presenta principalmente en el tracto genital femenino. Su característica más importante es la presencia sincrónica de un componente epitelial maligno (carcinoma) y un componente mesenquimal maligno (sarcoma). Estudios recientes demuestran que la mayoría de las veces el componente sarcomatoso se origina de una diferenciación metaplásica del componente epitelial. Debido a su poca frecuencia, no se conoce con certeza la relación entre las distintas presentaciones histológicas con los posibles factores de riesgo asociados, el pronóstico y la respuesta terapéutica. En este trabajo se reportaron las características histopatológicas y la expresión inmunohistoquímica de un caso de carcinosarcoma uterino en una paciente de 73 años que se presentó inicialmente como una masa cervical. El patrón microscópico documentado fue el de un tumor epitelial de bajo grado asociado a un componente mesenquimal con diferenciación rabdomiosarcomatosa (inmunohistoquímica positiva para desmina y miogenina). La documentación fenotípica es importante para en un futuro desarrollar posibles opciones terapéuticas dirigidas a los distintos patrones histológicos y determinar su posible asociación con factores de riesgo.


Abstract

Carcinosarcoma is a rare tumor occurring mainly in the female genital tract. Its most important characteristic is the synchronous presence of a malignant epithelial component (carcinoma) and a malignant mesenchymal component (sarcoma). Recent studies show that most of the time the sarcomatous component originates from a metaplastic differentiation of the epithelial component. Due to its infrequency, the relationship between the different histologic presentations with possible associated risk factors, prognosis and therapeutic response is not known with certainty. In this paper we report the histopathologic features and immunohistochemical expression of a case of uterine carcinosarcoma in a 73-year-old female patient who initially presented as a cervical mass. The microscopic pattern documented was that of a low-grade epithelial tumor associated with a mesenchymal component with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation (positive immunohistochemistry for desmin and myogenin). Phenotypic documentation is important for future development of possible therapeutic options targeting the different histologic patterns and determining their possible association with risk factors.

Citas

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