Tomografía de abdomen simple en la litiasis renal y vías urinarias

[Unenhanced abdominal tomography in renal lithiasis and urinary tract]

Rolando Reyna1, Ana Lía Diez2

1. Hospital Santo Tomás, Panamá, Panamá; 2. Hospital del Niño, Panamá. Panamá, Panamá.

Publicado: 2022-08-30

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Resumen

La litiasis urinaria representa una patología importante en la práctica médica y requiere de un abordaje multidisciplinario. Su incidencia es del 10% y afecta a un grupo de edad extenso, con factores que pueden influir en su aumento en determinados lugares. Su diagnóstico aparece como hallazgo en controles rutinarios de salud o a través del síndrome de cólico renal, cuadro característico y de consulta frecuente en los servicios de urgencia. La tomografía computarizada para el estudio de la litiasis renal puede brindar información más detallada. Tiene una sensibilidad, especificidad y seguridad mucho mayor que la radiografía simple del abdomen y que la de la urografía excretora. Los hallazgos directos incluyen el cálculo en el uréter, dilatación ureteral por arriba del cálculo, signo del halo con densidad de tejido blando rodeando al cálculo y los indirectos son dilatación del sistema colector y del uréter, aumento de volumen del riñón y edema perinefrítico.


Abstract

Urinary lithiasis represents an important pathology in medical practice and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Its incidence is 10% and affects a large age group, with factors that can influence its increase in certain places. Its diagnosis appears as a finding in routine health checks or through renal colic syndrome, a characteristic condition and frequent consultation in the emergency services. Computed tomography for the study of renal lithiasis can provide more detailed information. It has a sensitivity, specificity and safety much greater than simple radiography of the abdomen and of excretory urography. Direct findings include calculus in the ureter, ureteral dilation above the calculus, halo sign with soft tissue density surrounding the calculus, and indirect findings include dilatation of the collecting and ureter system, increased kidney volume, and peri nephritic edema.

Biografía del autor/a

Rolando Reyna, Hospital Santo Tomás, Panamá, Panamá

Medico radiologo

Citas

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